Q1
ME
The reading passage contends that how meteorite impacts created Carolina Bays can be fully explained by three theories: the geological formation, magnetic irregularities and the presence of nanodiamonds. On the other hand, the lecturer brings up several points that contradict this argument.
Firstly, the lecturer contends that the oval shape of the bays does not prove that it was created by meteorite impacts. He asserts that its distinctive shape came from the fact that one hit at circular angle. Moreover, the energy inside was created from the equally applied power.
Secondly, the lecturer points out that the detected magnetic data at the bays is not reliable. This is because the equipment used during the field research in the past was so primitive that the recent-developed modern device could not reproduce the same result. he guesses that the old device might have a malfunction.
Lastly, the lecturer maintains that the presence of nanodiamonds could not accepted as credible evidence to validate this statement. While nanodiamonds have been discovered around the bays, the material is so common in a lot of objects. He highlights that It was easily observed in daily things like a c andle which uses fire.
GPT
Score: 3 out of 5
Feedback:
Grammar:
Your grammar is mostly correct, but there are some minor mistakes. For example, "one hit at circular angle" is not grammatically or semantically clear. It should be something like "the meteorite hit at a direct angle."
Vocabulary:
Your vocabulary is decent but could be enhanced for clarity and precision. For example, using "equipment" is a little vague; specifying the type of equipment would add depth to your argument.
Logical Structure:
The response is well organized. You clearly outlined the theories from the reading and then systematically countered them with the lecturer's points.
Your presentation of the lecturer's arguments could be clearer in some places. For instance, "one hit at a circular angle" and "the energy inside was created from the equally applied power" are ambiguous statements that need further clarification.
Coherence and Cohesion:
Your writing flows decently, but it would benefit from some transitional phrases to enhance coherence.
Addressing the Task:
You adequately addressed the task by discussing both the reading's points and the lecturer's counterpoints.
Refined Answer:
The reading passage presents three theories explaining how meteorite impacts could have formed the Carolina Bays: geological formations, magnetic irregularities, and the presence of nanodiamonds. Conversely, the lecturer disputes each of these claims.
Firstly, the lecturer challenges the idea that the unique oval shape of the bays confirms their creation by meteorite impacts. He suggests that the bays' shape may have resulted from meteorites striking the Earth at a direct angle, resulting in an even distribution of force upon impact.
Secondly, the lecturer raises doubts about the validity of magnetic data collected from the bays. He argues that the equipment utilized in earlier studies was primitive, suggesting that these initial findings might be inaccurate. With advanced modern tools, researchers haven't been able to replicate those earlier results, hinting at potential issues with the older equipment.
Lastly, the lecturer questions the relevance of nanodiamonds as evidence for the meteorite impact theory. While nanodiamonds have indeed been found around the bays, he underscores their ubiquity in various environments. He mentions that nanodiamonds can even be found in everyday items, such as candles, thus weakening their significance as evidence of meteorite impacts.
Teacher
The reading passage contends that Carolina Bays were created by meteorites. On the other hand, the lecture brings up several points that contradict this argument.
First, the lecturer asserts that the oval shape doesn't prove that the bays were formed by meteorites. This is because craters from meteorite strikes are almost circular. The energy of impact is so great that the material is thrown out equally in all directions. This casts doubt on the reading passage's claim that the oval share of the bays demonstrates that they are craters formed by meteorites.
Next, the lecturer contends that the unusual magnetic measurements are not reliable. The irregularities were detected using primitive technology. They are most likely the result of researchers using equipment that was inaccurate or not functioning properly. This counters the reading passage's claim that the magnetic abnormalities are confirmative that meteorites created the bays.
Finally, the lecturer maintains that geologists don't consider nanodiamonds to be credible evidence of meteoric impacts. These particles originate from a wide variety of sources. For example, they are a common ingredient in cosmic dust, and they are also formed by fire. This refutes the reading passage's claim that the significant amount of nanodiamonds (found near the bays) indicates a connection between the bays and meteorites.
TIP
Show = prove = verify = demonstrate
credible = reliable = convincing
(be X) originate from = come from = arise from = stem from
a variety of = a diversity of = various = diverse
existence of = presence of
be created by = be formed by
불가산 equipment evidence advice
S+V This implies (means) that
S+V which means that
S+V which leads to 명사
S+V In other words,
meteorite (미디오라이트) 혜성의
detonate = explode
throw out 퍼지다
originate from wide variety of : 다양한
oval = elliptical 타원형의
called A B (as X) = referred to as B = regarded as B = known as B
cosmic 우주의
lit candle: 불이 켜진 촛불
facts evidence(불가산) signs indications
리딩 내용 페러프레이징 주의!!
The oval shape of these geological formations is a strong indication that they were made by meteorites.
The oval shape of the bays demonstrates that ~~
the oval shape of the bays indicates that ~~
The fact ~~ is further proof that meteorites are responsible for their creation.
It is confirmation that meteorites created the bays
It shows a clear link between the bays and meteorites.
The presence of = the existence of
It is another indication = It verifies that ~~
A originate from a wide variety of B
These particles originate from a wide variety of sources.
These burned marks can originate from a wide variety of reasons.
Q2
I think Lilian and Diego's perspectives that companies' expanding plan internationally should include conducting analysis of competitive environment and studying the local culture are hugely important. On the other hand, I believe that companies also have to care about the regulation and policy of the country where they are going to expand their business. Recently, I watched the news that Samsung was disadvantaged by the government in the U.S because the government changed their plan that they had been supposed to provide monetary subsidies to the international semiconductor companies which established the factory in the U.S. By this changed regulation, Samsung has no way but to supply their product to their business customers with higher price which will make them less competitive in the industry. As a result, Not only they won't get advantages of the subsidy, but also it will wholly impair their business capacity.
GPT
Score: 3.5 out of 5
Feedback:
Grammar:
Your grammar is generally sound, but there are some minor mistakes and awkward phrasings. For instance, "I think Lilian and Diego's perspectives that companies' expanding plan internationally..." could be clearer as "I agree with Lilian and Diego's perspective that as companies plan to expand internationally..."
Vocabulary:
You have demonstrated a varied range of vocabulary which is commendable. However, some word choices and sentence constructions might sound a bit awkward.
Logical Structure:
The essay is organized and has a clear progression from agreement with Lilian and Diego to presenting an additional factor companies should consider. However, the example used (Samsung's situation) dominates the discussion and could have been more succinct.
Coherence and Cohesion:
Your essay maintains coherence, but it would benefit from smoother transitions between ideas and refined sentence structures.
Addressing the Task:
You addressed the task by agreeing with Lilian and Diego and then adding a personal viewpoint supported by an example. However, the central message about the importance of understanding regulations might have been clearer if the Samsung example was presented in a more concise manner.
Refined Answer:
I concur with Lilian and Diego's view that for companies planning international expansion, analyzing the competitive environment and understanding local culture are crucial steps. However, I also believe that it's equally important for companies to familiarize themselves with the regulations and policies of their target country. For instance, Samsung recently faced challenges in the U.S when the government altered its plan to provide subsidies to foreign semiconductor firms setting up factories locally. Because of this unexpected regulatory change, Samsung had no choice but to offer their products at higher prices, impacting their competitiveness. This example underscores the importance of anticipating regulatory changes when considering international business expansion.
Teacher
thorough = detailed
edge = dominance
주장에 대한 이유 -> 주장을 안할 경우 부작용 설명
I understand why Lilian and Diego think that examining the competitive landscape and studying cultures are optimal (=best) approaches for a company when it is expanding internationally. However, In my opinion, it is essential to look into (investigate and examine) the regulations of the target country.
This is mainly because regulatory environments vary across different countries. In fact, failing to consider the regulations of a foreign country can have serious (adverse detrimental negative harmful) consequences.
For example, the ride-sharing service Uber has been criticized (accused of condemned reproached rebuked castigated) in many countries for not complying (conform follow) with local regulations. It has been accused of violating local laws and operating without the required permits.
As a result, Uber is currently experiencing legal problems worldwide, and it has been partially or completely banned (prohibited barred restricted disallowed) in some countries. Overall, I believe that companies should be aware of the rules of the countries they are considering expanding into so as not to overlook (neglect or ignore) potential consequences.
ex: Neglecting such issues can cause citizen complaints. (cause citizens to complain)
ex: Humanity must reduce carbon emissions so as not to (=to not) cause further harm to the environment.
to not cause
avoid = hinder = impede = discourage
feel deprived (박탈감을 느끼다)
두괄식 구조: unemployment가 첫 문장이어야 한다.
VOCA
Hackers
Day11
pronounced = notable striking marked significant noticeable distinct strong
The development of agricultural pesticides led to a pronounced increase in crop yields (이얼츠).
chancy = risky perilous (페럴러스) dangerous
Climbing Mt. Everest is chancy, as many people die on the mountain every year.
subtle (써틀)
menace (메네스) = threaten intimidate frighten
belittle = disregard underestimate
gigantic (자이겐틱)
divergent
on the spur of the moment = without planning on impulse
brew = develop loom be on the way
Meteorologists use radar and satellite imaging to determine (디털민) whether a typhoon is brewing.
administer = give provide
It's crucial to double-check the dosage (도세지0 of the medication before you administer it.
DAY12
sovereign (서벌은) = master monarch ruler
Traditionally, the sovereign of Great Britain lives in Buckingham Palace.
corroborate = confirm verify substantiate
With DNA evidence, it is easier to corroborate a person's identity.
inaugurate = introduce initiate begin commence
Andre Breton helped inaugurate the surrealist movement by publishing the Manifesto of Surrealism in 1924.
execute (엑시큐트)
urbane = cultivated sophisticated polished refined
boast (보우스트) vs boost (부스트)
frightful
irrevocable (일~레보코벌) irreversible (일리~벌시벌)
burgeoning (벌지닝) = rapidly expanding
A burgeoning deer population has been interfering with traffic by wandering onto the highways.
diversion [디벌션] = distraction
outlying - far from the center remote distant
DAY13
designate = indicate identify specify define
stipulate = require demand call for
The contract stipulates that employees report to work at 9 AM from Monday to Friday.
laborious [레보리어스] =difficult strenuous [스트레뉴어스]
tantalizing [텐탈라이징] = tempting enticing teasing
compulsorily [컴팔설럴리] = by requirement obligatorily mandatorily
preposterous = unbelievable absurd nonsensical
inconceivable [인컨---시버블]
circuitous [설큐이터스] = indirect roundabout
model = specimen [스페스멘]
DAY14
lethal [리털] = deadly dangerous fatal [페이털] pernicious
exploitation [엑스플로이테이션]
relic [렐릭] = remains remnant vestige [베스티지]
In the jungle, archaeologists uncovered pottery and other relics from an ancient civilization.
exert [익그설트] = apply exercise employ put forth wield [윌드]
meager = scanty scarce very low deficient
now and then = occasionally from time to time at times
improbable = unlikely implausible doutbful
Winning the lottery is highly improbable.
reconcile [레컨사일] = bring together reunite
The international mediator attempted to reconcile the two countries.
tentatively = without certainty uncertainly
Jack often speaks tentatively in meetings because he lacks confidence.
pitfall = difficulty trouble
A sudden downturn in the stock market is one of the pitfalls of investing.
appreciable [어프리셔벌] = significant noticeable consdierable
In some Amazonian villages, there is no appreciable difference between modern and ancient lifestyles.
spearhead = lead lead the way head
Nelson Mandela spearheaded South Africa's struggle for independence.
methodically [메타디컬리] = systematically
DAY15
albeit [알비어트] = although though even though
incidentally = by the way
Nathan is on vacation today; incidentally, he'll be gone all week.
prominently [프라--미넨트리] = very noticeably, conspicuously notably
congeal = solidify harden stiffen condense
realm [렘] = area field sphere domain
The microscope allowed for many new discoveries in the realm of biology.
dam = block obstruct
ice sheet = glacier [글레이셜]
spectator [스펙테이터] = viewer onlooker
bountiful = exuberant [엑슈부런트]
paralysis [퍼--렐리시스]
periphery [퍼--리퍼리] = edge boundary border fringe
The outer periphery of a hurricane is generally made up of rainbands.
Chapter 5
galvanize [갈베나이즈] = incite rouse spur stimulate stir up [스털 업]
galvanize him into life
galvanize people around her
germane = applicable apposite appropriate apropos apt felicitous [필리--시더스] pertinent proper relevant suitable
Her remarks are hardly germane to the discussion.
hackneyed = prosaic [프로세익] quotidian [쿼--티디안]
harbinger [할빈절] = forerunner herald [헤럴드] omen [오멘] portent
a harbinger of spring / a harbinger of future instability.
insolent = arrogant bumptious [범ㅍ셔스] haughty[하티] imperious overbearing supercilious
jettison = abandon discard
jettison all sense of shame.
lament [레--멘트] = bemoan bewail grieve
a lament for his dead friend
laud = acclaim applaud commend compliment eulogize [유로=자이즈] extol [엑스톨] praise
laudatory 칭창하는 laudable 훌륭한 laudation [라ㅇㄷ데이션]
malign [멜라인] = defame denigrate [데니-그레이트] slander revile vilify
malignant [멜리그넨트] 악의에 찬 유해한
obdurate = dogged headstrong intractable intransigent obstinate stubborn
opprobrium = disgrace dishonor disrespect ignominy [이그-노미니] infamy irreverence obloquy [오블리-퀴] shame stigma
opprobrious 먹욕적인 approbation 승인 찬성 reprobation 비난 질책 reprove 비난하다
Immoral public officials deserve opprobrium.
peculiar [페큘리--얼] = bizarre odd outladnish unusual
peculiarity 특이한 태도 pecuinary 금전상의 impecunious 가난한
pernicious = deleterious [델리터리어스] detrimental [데트리멘털] harmful injurious noisome noxious deadly fatal [페이털] lethal [리털]
pristine = chaste pure uncontaminated unpolluted clean immaculate spotless
profligate [프라플리게잇ㅌ] = extravagant [엑스트라-베--건트] lavish prodigal spendthrift wasteful
afflict 학대하다 inflict 고통을 주다
relinquish = abandon abdicate abnegate give up renounce
delinquency: 태만, 과실
restive [레스티브] = impatient restless uneasy
The audience was becoming restive.
salient [세일리언트] = leading main prominent most important outstanding significant
resilient 쾌활한 기운을 차리는
suffrage [서프레지] 투표권 선거권 참정권
fractious: 타협하기 어려운 refract: 다시 부서지다, 굴절시키다 refractory: 다루기 어려운
superfluous [수퍼--플루어스] = excessive extra redundant surplus unessential unnecessary
fluke: 행운, influx: 유입
tout [타우트] = <조르다> importune solicit <선전하다> hype
He touts for bread.
She is being touted as the next leader of the party.
transitory = ephemeral [이-페머럴] evanescent [에베--네센트] interim momentary provisional temporary tentative transient
volatile = capricious erratic fickle mercurial vagrant [베이그렌트] whimsical
volant 날 수 있는, 기민한
She is volatile and unpredictable
adroit = adept deft dexterous expert skilled
vs gauche (거우쉬) 왼쪽, 서투른
ambidextrous: 양손을 쓰는, 두 마음이 있는
SC
Q1-1
ME
I disagree with the statement that children should be given money for doing chores. Some people may not agree with me because they think that it could motivate children to help their parents. However, I believe that it's rather could be burdening their parents financially. I think there is a better way to motivate them. For example, parents can allow their children to play the game if they help doing chores.
GPT
Score: 3.5 (Fair to Good)
Feedback and Modifications:
Content and Organization: Your response directly addresses the topic, acknowledging a counterargument and then providing your stance on it. Your organization is clear with a straightforward flow of ideas.
Clarity: The main ideas are generally clear, but there's room for improvement in terms of phrasing and transitions.
Development and Supporting Details: Your example of an alternative motivation (allowing children to play games) provides a tangible alternative to the idea of paying children for chores.
Grammar and Vocabulary:
"I disagree with the statement that" could be simplified to "I disagree that."
"it's rather could be burdening" should be "it could rather burden."
"I think there is a better way to motivate them." can be followed directly by the example for smoother flow: "I think there's a better way to motivate them, such as allowing children to play games if they complete chores."
Modified Response:
I disagree that children should be given money for doing chores. Some people might argue it motivates children to help around the house. However, I believe it could rather burden parents financially. Instead of money, I think there's a better way to motivate them, such as allowing children to play games if they complete chores.
This revised version tightens up the phrasing while keeping the core of your well-structured answer.
Q1-2
ME
I agree with the statement that 18 years olds are not major enough to vote. some people may not agree with me because they think 18 years old are enough to think rationally. however I believe that even though they are able to think regionally, they they don't have enough time to think about political side. This is because they mostly spend their time in school studying regular subjects. so I would say that 18 years or not enough to vote.
GPT
Score: 3 (Fair)
Feedback and Modifications:
Content and Organization: Your response provides a clear stance on the topic. You mention a counterargument and then provide your reasons against it. However, there's a need for refinement in clarity and some redundancy to address.
Clarity: While your main idea is clear, some parts of the response are slightly redundant or misphrased.
Development and Supporting Details: Your reasoning behind why 18-year-olds might not be mature enough to vote could be expanded upon for a stronger argument.
Grammar and Vocabulary:
"18 years olds are not major enough to vote" should be "18-year-olds are not mature enough to vote."
"18 years old are enough to think rationally" should be "18-year-olds are mature enough to think rationally."
"they are able to think regionally" seems to be a typo. You likely meant "rationally."
The phrase "they they don't have enough time to think about political side" can be improved to "they don't have enough time to engage with or understand politics deeply."
"18 years or not enough to vote" should be "18-year-olds are not ready to vote."
Modified Response:
I agree with the statement that 18-year-olds are not mature enough to vote. Some might argue against this, believing that by 18, individuals are capable of rational thinking. However, I believe that even if they can think rationally, they may not have a deep understanding of politics. This is largely because they spend most of their time in school focusing on regular subjects. Therefore, I'd argue that 18-year-olds aren't sufficiently informed to vote.
This version eliminates redundancies and offers clearer phrasing while retaining your original perspective.
Q2-1
ME
According to the reading, the university has announced that they're going to open the new writing Center at the beginning of next semester. The man in the conversation thinks that it's a good idea for two reasons. the first reason is that students have had no time to learn how to organize their sentences and present ideas with writing skills. So this is going to be very helpful and the second advantage is that it's very helpful for students to find a job. this is because these days job competition is very fierce so this experience makes them strengthen their resume.
GPT
Score: 3.5 (Fair to Good)
Feedback and Modifications:
Content and Organization: You effectively summarized the reading passage and transitioned to the man's viewpoint from the conversation. Your structure is fairly clear, with the reasons presented in sequence.
Clarity: The main ideas are clear, but there are areas where sentence structure could be improved for enhanced clarity and flow.
Development and Supporting Details: Your reasons are pertinent, and you provide explanations for each. The connection between the writing center and job competitiveness is especially relevant.
Grammar and Vocabulary:
"According to the reading, the university has announced that they're going to open the new writing Center" can be adjusted to "The reading states that the university plans to open a new Writing Center."
"The man in the conversation thinks that it's a good idea for two reasons." can be refined to "The man in the conversation supports this, citing two reasons."
"students have had no time to learn how to organize their sentences" could be clarified to "students often lack adequate time to hone their writing skills."
"it's very helpful for students to find a job." and "this is because these days job competition is very fierce" can be combined for smoother flow: "it significantly aids students in their job search, especially given today's fierce job competition."
Modified Response:
The reading states that the university plans to open a new Writing Center at the start of the next semester. The man in the conversation supports this, citing two reasons. Firstly, he feels students often lack adequate time to hone their writing skills, making the center particularly beneficial. Secondly, he believes it will significantly aid students in their job search, especially given today's fierce job competition, as improved writing skills can strengthen their resumes.
This revised version fine-tunes some phrasings for clarity and coherence while maintaining the essence of your response.
Q2-2
ME
According to the letter, the writer suggests that the university should make it mandatory for all students to take at least one physical education class. The man in the conversation thinks that it's not a good idea for two reasons. first he asserts that she had the wrong idea about students working out habit. Even though they don't use gym so much, they could have enjoyed biking and jogging with their friends around the campus. Second, he disagree with that this class helps students make friends. However if they were forced to take this class, some of them would be resentful and rather make it hard to working out Hobby and make friends.
GPT
Score: 3.5 (Fair to Good)
Feedback and Modifications:
Content and Organization: You have effectively summarized the reading passage and presented the man's viewpoint from the conversation. The structure is reasonably clear, and the reasons are presented in sequence.
Clarity: The main ideas are understandable, but there are some areas where sentence structure and phrasing could be improved for better clarity and flow.
Development and Supporting Details: The reasons provided by the man in the conversation are relevant, and you've provided explanations for each. There's a need to improve the phrasing for some of these details.
Grammar and Vocabulary:
"first he asserts that she had the wrong idea about students working out habit." can be improved to "First, he asserts that the writer misunderstands students' workout habits."
"Even though they don't use gym so much" can be adjusted to "Even if they don't frequent the gym often."
"Second, he disagrees with that this class helps students make friends." can be revised to "Second, he disagrees with the notion that this class aids students in making friends."
"Some of them would be resentful and rather make it hard to working out as Hobby and make friends." can be clarified to "some might resent the mandate, potentially making it harder for them to enjoy working out and to make friends."
Modified Response:
According to the letter, the writer suggests that the university should require all students to take at least one physical education class. The man in the conversation opposes this idea for two main reasons. First, he asserts that the writer misunderstands students' workout habits. Even if they don't frequent the gym often, many might enjoy activities like biking or jogging with friends around campus. Second, he disagrees with the notion that mandatory physical education classes would aid in friend-making. He feels some students might resent the requirement, making it harder for them to enjoy exercise and form friendships.
This version refines some phrasings for clarity and coherence while keeping the core of your answer.
*** This policy helps students make friends.
-> This policy assists students in making friends.